This study discusses the issue of human trafficking, which focuses on Khmu girls who are trafficked into Thailand. It explores what mechanisms of protection are offered to Khmu victims of human trafficking to reach an approach of sustainable reintegration into their places of origin in order to ensure their human security. There are many Khmu girls from Luang Namtha, the northern poorest province in Laos, who move to Thailand to seek new opportunities. In 2014, there are 150 Khmu girls who are victims of human trafficking in shelter in Thailand.
Schulz, K. (2012) An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Protection Mechanisms for Migrant Fishermen from Myanmar in Thailand: A Case Study from Samut Sakhon Province
The issue of trafficking in persons for the purposes of labor exploitation is growing phenomenon amongst migrant workers from Myanmar who are working in Thailand's commercial fishing industry. Along with the development of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and the opening up of cross-border trade and work flows, this problem can only be expected to continue grow so long as the root causes remain unaddressed.
Songdej, A. (2010) Cambodian Child Beggars in Thailand: A Case Study of Rights and Needs Based Approaches in Legislation and Implementation
This research aims to determine the extent that Thailand's Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act (2008) protects the rights of Cambodian child beggars as outlined in human rights conventions. This was done by assessing the level of policy coherence between Thailand's Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act (2008) and other related policies, by assessing the practicality of the guidelines used for screening victims of trafficking by Thai officials, and by assessing whether Thai officials' attitudes towards Cambodian child beggars affected whether the rights-based approach or the needs-based approach was followed in practice.
Phyu, S. (2009) Repatriation from Thailand to Myanmar of Trafficked Children
Title: Repatriation from Thailand to Myanmar of Trafficked Children
Author: San Latt Phyu
Year: 2009
Keywords: REPATRIATION/HUMAN TRAFFICKING/TRAFFICKED CHILDREN/RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH
Download PDF of Abstract: English Thai
Abstract:
Repatriation process is regarded as the last stage of the protection program for the trafficked persons. It is the stage that has more human interaction and personal contact between the caregivers and the receivers. Trafficked children, in particular, have vulnerability as they still need to depend on others for their well-being. Therefore, there are special provisions and specific legislation both international and national based on human rights principles to protect the children during the repatriation process. It is important to apply the rights-based approach to trafficked children when the care givers help them to redress their human rights and reduce the barriers to apply such approach at the hands of caregivers.
As there is still an argument in defining what is repatriation and reintegration, the findings first presented the different interpretations from different caregivers. Then, it describes the repatriation process starting from victim identification, care and supporting programs at Baan Kredtrakarri shelter including vocational training, health care, psycho-social support and legal assistance in Thailand and analyzed the degree of application of rights-based approach in accordance with the national and international guidelines. The continued process in Myanmar is explained briefly together with the family tracing process and the challenges in Myanmar. Throughout the presentation of research findings, the three evaluating factors in rights-based approach which are the accountability, equality and non-discrimination and participation were used to analyze the current practices in the process of repatriation.
It was found out that the rights-based approach has been partially addressed in the current repatriation process. The accountability, equality and non-discrimination and participation are applied in the aspects of i) cooperating with civil society organizations for effective protection, ii) having multidisciplinary team, iii) providing measures in Thai laws and bilateral MOU for faster repatriation, iv) providing same legal assistance regardless of nationality, v) keeping the best interest of the children in the legal process and maintaining confidentiality in the family tracing process.
On the other hand, the three main principles are needed to enhance in the following areas because of i) different interpretations for repatriation and reintegration, ii) the limited channels for the participation from the children, iii) corrupted officials in the legal process and some Thai officials' negative attitudes towards migrant workers, iv) resource constraints for individual care, v) lack of alternative option for the children who do not pass the nationality confirmation.
Contact MAIDS-Chula for more information and full thesis at maidschula@gmail.com
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