International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) and Local Non-Governmental-Organizations (LNGOs) became crucial in shaping the Local Development in Kayah State, the smallest state in Myanmar. An important activity of NGO work is to apply participation and empowerment tools in their development projects. This research assessed how both Integrated Community Development Project (ICDP)/INGO and Catholic Karuna Loikaw/LNGO took account of using participation and empowerment tools in the development processes. Specifically, the case study was done in the two villages of Kayah State which is situated in the Eastern part of Myanmar. The research analyzed whether participation and empowerment applied by the two NGOs can contribute to the local development by examining the income generation activities of a Self-Reliance-Group of ICDP and a Micro-Credit-Union Group of CKL in these two projects.
Thang, L. (2011) The Treatment of the Chins in India
Title: The Treatment of the Chins in India
Author: Lian Bawi Thang
Year: 2011
Keywords: CHIN, LOOK EAST POLICY, DOMESTIC SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEM
Download PDF of Abstract: English Thai
Abstract:
The ongoing human rights abuses and widespread famine are the primary root causes that trigger Chin people to scatter throughout different places such as India, Malaysia and Thailand at the present time. Among these countries, India hosts the largest Chin population since the 1988 student uprising in Burma. Currently, an estimated number of 130,000, which is almost 20 percent of the total population in Chin State, Burma, are stranded in the most parts of Mizoram State and New Delhi, India.
Unfortunately, the Chins fleeing from a military regime to the world's most populous democratic country still face several human rights violations, sometimes even more than they did in Burma. Besides absenting to ratify the UN 1951 Refugee Convention or its 1967 Protocols, India has twisted its treatment of the Chin refugees to the worse with no provision of legal protection by condemning several human rights treaties such as ICCPR (International Convention for Civil and Political Rights), CAT (Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and Social and Cultural Rights (SCR) that the country has acceded. Additionally, Chin people are no longer considered as either refugees or asylum-seekers by the Indian government onwards 1995 and their rights are subsequently violated. Consequently, the influx of Chin especially to Mizoram State, the 23rd state of India, is astoundingly regarded as a scapegoat for creating domestic instability.
Therefore, this research basically unveils how the implementation of Look East Policy (LEP) and domestic socio-economic problems in India profoundly impact on India's treatment of the Chins within its territory and related consequences on three realms such as livelihood, physical security and education.
Contact MAIDS-Chula for more information and full thesis at maidschula@gmail.com
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BIOPOWER CIVIL SOCIETY COASTAL GOVERNANCE COMMUNITY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CURRENT EDUCATION IN THE CAMP DEMOCRATIZATION DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE EDUCATION EUROPEAN UNION GOOD GOVERNANCE GOVERNANCE FACTORS HIGHER EDUCATION HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE HUMAN TRAFFICKING ICM IMPLEMENTATION INDONESIA INSTITUTIONS INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT KAREN REFUGEES KHMER ROUGE LIVELIHOOD MIGRATION MYANMAR NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT NGO OTOP PARTICIPATORY MANGROVE FORESTRY REINTEGRATION RESISTANCE RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH SHADOW STATE POLITICS SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL MOVEMENT SUSTAINABLE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAK PROVINCE THAI-BURMA BORDER THAI-KAREN PEOPLE THAILAND THAKSIN SHINAWATRA WORK OPPORTUNITIES WORLD SOCIAL FORUM
Yusbi, M. (2011) Employment Policies for People with Disabilities in Jakarta: The Study of People in Wisma Cheshire Organisation
Title: Employment Policies for People with Disabilities in Jakarta: The Study of People in Wisma Cheshire Organisation
Author: Mahmudi Yusbi
Year: 2011
Keywords: DISABILITY, EMPLOYMENT, POLICY FOR DISABILITY, JAKARTA
Download PDF of Abstract: English Thai
Abstract:
This research intends to find out the employment situation of people with disabilities in Jakarta, the objectives of the research are to describe policy implementation on employment for people with disabilities (PWD), to assess the opportunity and condition of the employment for PWDs, to find out the problems faced by PWDs, and the participation and the benefits of the policy to PWDs in Jakarta. It was designed to focus only on a specific target group of PWD in the Wisma Cheshire Foundation in Jakarta. This research uses qualitative method to gather information from key informants with semi-structure and in-depth interview. Focus group discussion was applied with a number of people with physical disabilities in Wisma Cheshire Foundation. The findings reveal that the employment policy for PWDs does not yield expected results. PWDs only have benefited a little from the policy rhetoric. This is basically the problem of implementation. There are a number of reasons as including, lack of confidence in PWDs and prejudices in community, limited public accessibility i.e. infrastructure. The study finds that the logic behind the overall the implementation shortfall is that the approach to disability policy is more on charity rather than rights based approach. It is also recognized that the lack of participation and involving of PWDs in planning and implementing of the employment policies has led to ineffectiveness.
Contact MAIDS-Chula for more information and full thesis at maidschula@gmail.com
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BIOPOWER CIVIL SOCIETY COASTAL GOVERNANCE COMMUNITY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CURRENT EDUCATION IN THE CAMP DEMOCRATIZATION DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE EDUCATION EUROPEAN UNION GOOD GOVERNANCE GOVERNANCE FACTORS HIGHER EDUCATION HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE HUMAN TRAFFICKING ICM IMPLEMENTATION INDONESIA INSTITUTIONS INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT KAREN REFUGEES KHMER ROUGE LIVELIHOOD MIGRATION MYANMAR NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT NGO OTOP PARTICIPATORY MANGROVE FORESTRY REINTEGRATION RESISTANCE RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH SHADOW STATE POLITICS SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL MOVEMENT SUSTAINABLE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAK PROVINCE THAI-BURMA BORDER THAI-KAREN PEOPLE THAILAND THAKSIN SHINAWATRA WORK OPPORTUNITIES WORLD SOCIAL FORUM
Shining, N. (2011) Evaluating the Implementation of EGAT International's Corporate Social Responsibility Policy for the Hatgyi Dam Project on the Salween River, Myanmar
Title: Evaluating the Implementation of EGAT International's Corporate Social Responsibility Policy for the Hatgyi Dam Project on the Salween River, Myanmar
Author: Nang Shining
Year: 2011
Keywords: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, EGATi, HAT GYI DAM, SALWEEN RIVER, TRANS-BOUNDARY PROJECT
Download PDF of Abstract: English Thai
Abstract:
Rising electricity demand in Thailand is a key driving force for building new power projects in Thailand, as well as importing electricity from neighboring countries. One of the proposed prOjects in Thailand's 2010-2030 Power Development Plan is the Hat Gyi Dam, which is located on the mainstream Salween River near the Thailand-Myanmar border in Karen State, Myanmar.The Salween River is approximately 2,400 km long and is regarded as the longest free-flowing international river in Southeast Asia, originating on the Tibetan Plateau and flowing through China, Thailand and Myanmar. The Hat Gyi Dam project is a joint venture cooperation between EGAT International (EGATi), Sinohydro Corporation, the Department of Hydroelectric Power Plan (DHPP) of Myanmar government, and a local Myanmar private investor named International Group of Entrepreneur Company.
As EGATi is a major shareholder, this thesis seeks to assess how EGATi has implemented its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policy during planning of the project to date. The thesis main research question is "Has EGATi implemented its Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance policies for communities in Thailand in preparing the proposed Hat Gyi Dam project on the Salween River, Karen State, Myanmar"?
Qualitative research methods have been applied in this study through a combination of in-depth interviews with villagers, semi-structured interviews with key informants and secondary database research. The research sites are the potentially affected communities living along the Salween River on the Thai side, namely Ban Mae Sam Laep, Ban Tha Ta Fang, and Ban Sob Moei, Mae Hong Son Province.
EGATi CSR policy has three key components: Public Participation and Information Disclosure; Social Responsibility; and Environmental Responsibility, Regarding "Public Participation and Information Disclosure", the findings reveal that EGATi has not disclosed complete project information in a timely, accurate, sufficient and transparent manner; for example, the project's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report for the Myanmar side, completed in 2008, has not been made available to the public. Also, EGATi has yet to form a Tripartite Committee and has only weakly encouraged the communities and wider public to participate in its activities. Regarding "Social Responsibility," EGATi has failed to build mutual understanding and trust with the communities. Regarding "Environmental Responsibility", whilst EGAT has conducted an EIA report, it does not cover the scope of the entire potentially impacted areas in Myanmar and Thailand. Thai civil society have called on EGATi to conduct a new EIA which covers the entire scope of affected area, although a government subcommittee subsequently required EGATi to only undertake an Environmental Assessment that is not equivalent to Thailand's full-EIA legal standards. This legal ambiguity allows EGATi to claim that it has followed its CSR policy on Environmental Responsibility.
Whilst EGATi's CSR is ultimately voluntary, this thesis argues that EGATi has not followed its CSR policy in the case of the Hat Gyi Dam for a number of reasons, including because of the ambiguous laws for the trans-boundary project and its failure to gain the trust and cooperation of the local communities. In turn, communities oppose the Hat Gyi dam due to the value that the communities place on their livelihood and environment, their concerns with regard to their legal status as non-Thai citizens, the influential role of NGOs in the communities, and the strong belief of the co unities that the Myanmar government supports the dam so as to clear ethnic groups from the area.
Contact MAIDS-Chula for more information and full thesis at maidschula@gmail.com
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BIOPOWER CIVIL SOCIETY COASTAL GOVERNANCE COMMUNITY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CURRENT EDUCATION IN THE CAMP DEMOCRATIZATION DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE EDUCATION EUROPEAN UNION GOOD GOVERNANCE GOVERNANCE FACTORS HIGHER EDUCATION HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE HUMAN TRAFFICKING ICM IMPLEMENTATION INDONESIA INSTITUTIONS INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT KAREN REFUGEES KHMER ROUGE LIVELIHOOD MIGRATION MYANMAR NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT NGO OTOP PARTICIPATORY MANGROVE FORESTRY REINTEGRATION RESISTANCE RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH SHADOW STATE POLITICS SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL MOVEMENT SUSTAINABLE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAK PROVINCE THAI-BURMA BORDER THAI-KAREN PEOPLE THAILAND THAKSIN SHINAWATRA WORK OPPORTUNITIES WORLD SOCIAL FORUM
Thwin, N. (2011) Child Labor in Restaurants in Yangon, Myanmar
Title: Child Labor in Restaurants in Yangon, Myanmar
Author: Ne Chye Thwin
Year: 2011
Keywords: CHILD LABOUR, RESTAURANTS, THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD, CHILD LABOUR POLICY, YANGON, MYANMAR
Download PDF of Abstract: English Thai
Abstract:
The main objective of the research is to study how the best interests of the child are considered in the employment of children in order to ensure the development of children who have to work. This study focused only on restaurants and teashops in the urban informal economic sector in which more child labor are found openly. Qualitative methodology is used, including in-depth and semi-structured interviews with child laborers and parents, employers, the concerned civil society organizations and government agencies. The type of work is not hazardous but the conditions of their work are still exploitative. The government has not a clear policy on and the concern for child labor protection and welfare; and the existing laws for child protection are not enforced effectively. Based on the perception of the children, their parents, and employers, the study finds that the best interest of child labor in teashops and restaurants is for them to have education and work. An alternative is seen in the provision of vocational trainings which non-government organizations can be a driving force, or initiating a model of apprenticeship. However, the challenges are the limited capability of NGOs, the less interest of employers and weak coordination from government agencies.
Contact MAIDS-Chula for more information and full thesis at maidschula@gmail.com
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BIOPOWER CIVIL SOCIETY COASTAL GOVERNANCE COMMUNITY CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CURRENT EDUCATION IN THE CAMP DEMOCRATIZATION DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE EDUCATION EUROPEAN UNION GOOD GOVERNANCE GOVERNANCE FACTORS HIGHER EDUCATION HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE HUMAN TRAFFICKING ICM IMPLEMENTATION INDONESIA INSTITUTIONS INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT KAREN REFUGEES KHMER ROUGE LIVELIHOOD MIGRATION MYANMAR NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT NGO OTOP PARTICIPATORY MANGROVE FORESTRY REINTEGRATION RESISTANCE RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH SHADOW STATE POLITICS SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL MOVEMENT SUSTAINABLE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAK PROVINCE THAI-BURMA BORDER THAI-KAREN PEOPLE THAILAND THAKSIN SHINAWATRA WORK OPPORTUNITIES WORLD SOCIAL FORUM