Title: The Community Forestry case study in KIO-controlled areas, Momauk Township in Kachin State Myanmar
Author: Miss Ma Khaw Lwe
Year: 2022
Keywords: N.A
Theme: Environmental Politics and Policy
Advisor(s): Carl Nigel Middleton
The full thesis available here.
Abstract: In Kachin State, Myanmar, forests are crucial for sustaining livelihoods and cultural significance for the Kachin people. However, recent decades have seen rapid changes driven by state-led development, economic growth, and prolonged conflict with Kachin Independence Army (KIO) and the Myanmar Tatmadaw. This has resulted in overexploitation, deforestation, and the conversion of forest lands to contract farming, particularly near the border with eastern Kachin State and China. To address these challenges, CF programs were introduced in KIOcontrolled areas with active involvement from local NGOs. Consequently, nine villages in Momauk and Mansi townships first obtained CF certificates from the KIO government, proactively establishing community forests to support sustainable livelihoods and systematic forest management. The primary objective of this research is to explore how Community Forest (CF) programs in Kachin-controlled areas can be strengthened through inclusive governance practices to enhance sustainable forest use and improve livelihoods. Adopting qualitative research methods, this study specifically focuses on two communities in Momauk Township that have been actively practicing CF for the past decade. Through in-depth interviews and group discussions, the research aims to identify inclusive governance practices that positively contribute to sustainability, while also highlighting weaknesses or failures that require improvement. The findings reveal that community forestry governance arrangements in Kachincontrolled areas have evolved to become more inclusive, actively involving all community members in decision-making processes. Traditional local practices and indigenous knowledge have significantly contributed to promoting sustainable forest use, supported by external stakeholders through education, training, and incentives. However, challenges persist, requiring a legal framework to address resource exploitation by local authorities, which poses risks to the long-term sustainability of CF initiatives. In conclusion, this thesis provides valuable insights into strengthening Community Forestry programs in Kachin-controlled areas. By analyzing inclusive governance practices and identifying areas for improvement, this research contributes to the promotion of sustainable forest management and improved livelihoods for ethnic communities in the region.